微软消息队列-MicroSoft Message Queue(MSMQ)

使用感受：简单。

一、windows安装MSMQ服务

控制面板->控制面板->所有控制面板项->程序和功能->选中安装

然后可在计算机管理-->服务和应用程序->消息队列查看队列信息

二、C#中使用MSMQ

使用MessageQueue类操作MSMQ，其在System.Messaging命名空间下，需要添加引用

定义的接口

public interface IMessageSender<T> : IDisposable

{

    /// <summary>

    ///     发送消息

    /// </summary>

    /// <param name="message">消息对象</param>

    void SendMessage(T message);



    void SendMessages(List<T> message);



    /// <summary>

    ///     发送消息

    /// </summary>

    /// <param name="message">消息对象</param>

    /// <param name="label">消息标签</param>

    void SendMessage(T message, string label);

}

接口实现

/// <summary>

///     消息队列对象，由MQueueFactory创建指定路径的队列对象，可发送或批量接收消息。

/// </summary>

/// <typeparam name="T">消息队列存储的消息对象类型</typeparam>

public sealed class MQueue<T> : IDisposable, IMessageSender<T>, IMessageReceiver<T>

{

    public MQueue(MessageQueue mq, string user = "Everyone")

    {

        InnerQueue = mq;

        InnerQueue.Formatter = new XmlMessageFormatter(new[] { typeof(T) });



        InnerQueue.SetPermissions(user ?? "Everyone",

            MessageQueueAccessRights.GenericRead | MessageQueueAccessRights.DeleteMessage |

            MessageQueueAccessRights.DeleteQueue | MessageQueueAccessRights.DeleteJournalMessage);

    }

    #region IMessageSender

    /// <summary>

    ///     内部消息队列对象

    /// </summary>

    private MessageQueue InnerQueue { get; set; }



    /// <summary>

    ///     发送消息

    /// </summary>

    /// <param name="message">消息对象</param>

    public void SendMessage(T message)

    {

        InnerQueue.Send(message);

    }



    public void SendMessages(List<T> message)

    {

        foreach (var item in message)

        {

            InnerQueue.Send(item);

        }

    }



    /// <summary>

    ///     发送消息

    /// </summary>

    /// <param name="message">消息对象</param>

    /// <param name="label">消息标签</param>

    public void SendMessage(T message, string label)

    {

        try

        {

            InnerQueue.Send(message, label);

        }

        catch (Exception ex)

        {

            var path = InnerQueue.Path;

            InnerQueue = new MessageQueue(path);

        }

    }

    #endregion 



    #region IMessageReceiver

    /// <summary>

    /// 获取队列中所有消息

    /// </summary>

    /// <typeparam name="T">消息类型</typeparam>

    /// <param name="exTarget">异常时触发</param>

    /// <returns></returns>

    public List<T> GetAllMessages<T>(MQExceptionTarget exTarget = null)

    {

        return GetMessagesByNum<T>(null, exTarget);

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// 获取队列中指定数量消息

    /// </summary>

    /// <typeparam name="T">消息类型</typeparam>

    /// <param name="num">一次最多取num条数据，默认取所有数据</param>

    /// <param name="exTarget">异常委托</param>

    /// <returns></returns>

    public List<T> GetMessagesByNum<T>(int? num = null, MQExceptionTarget exTarget = null)

    {

        var list = new List<T>();

        if (num.HasValue && num <= 0)

        {

            return list;

        }

        MessageEnumerator enumerator = InnerQueue.GetMessageEnumerator2();

        while (enumerator.MoveNext())

        {

            Message msg = enumerator.RemoveCurrent();

            enumerator.Reset();

            if (msg != null)

            {

                try

                {

                    list.Add((T)msg.Body);

                    if (num.HasValue && list.Count >= num)

                    {

                        break;

                    }

                }

                catch (Exception ex)

                {

                    if (exTarget != null)

                        exTarget(ex);

                }

            }

        }

        return list;

    }

    #endregion



    public void Dispose()

    {

        if (InnerQueue != null)

        {

            InnerQueue.Dispose();

        }

    }

}

建立队列工厂

/// <summary>

///  消息队列工厂，通过指定路径创建或获取相应队列对象

/// </summary>

public class MQueueFactory

{

    /// <summary>

    ///     默认队列路径，在未指定路径的情况下，将创建并返回该路径的消息队列对象

    /// </summary>

    private const string DefaultPath = @".\private$\myQueue";



    /// <summary>

    ///     创建默认路径的消息队列对象

    /// </summary>

    /// <typeparam name="T">消息队列存储的消息对象类型</typeparam>

    /// <returns></returns>

    public static MQueue<T> Create<T>()

    {

        return Create<T>(DefaultPath);

    }



    /// <summary>

    ///     创建指定路径的消息队列路径

    /// </summary>

    /// <typeparam name="T">消息队列存储的消息对象类型</typeparam>

    /// <param name="connStr">指定的消息队列链接字符串 def:".\private$\myQueue"</param>

    /// <param name="autoCreate">不存在则创建队列 远程地址不能创建</param>

    /// <param name="user">获得队列额外权限的个人、组或计算机</param>

    /// <param name="cacheKey">web中Cache键值</param>

    /// <returns></returns>

    public static MQueue<T> Create<T>(string connStr=@".\private$\myQueue", bool autoCreate = false, string user = "Everyone", string cacheKey = "MQCache")

    {

        string path = connStr ?? DefaultPath;

        HttpContext httpContext = HttpContext.Current;

        if (autoCreate && !MessageQueue.Exists(path))

        {

            MessageQueue.Create(path);

        }

        var mq = new MessageQueue(path);

        if (httpContext != null)

        {

            string key = "MQueue" + typeof(T).Name + cacheKey;

            if ((httpContext.Cache[key] == null))

            {

                httpContext.Cache[key] = new MQueue<T>(mq);

            }

            return httpContext.Cache[key] as MQueue<T>;

        }

        return new MQueue<T>(mq,user);

    }

}

写入队列

MQueueFactory.Create<string>(@".\private$\myQueue", autoCreate: true).SendMessage("我是写入的数据~~~");

获取消息

MQueueFactory.Create<string>(@".\private$\myQueue").GetAllMessages<string>();